استيل سيستايين 600مجم فوار 10 اكياس

12.1 Mechanism of Action Acetylcysteine has been shown to reduce the extent of liver injury following acetaminophen overdose. Acetaminophen doses of 150 mg/kg or greater have been associated with hepatotoxicity. Acetylcysteine probably protects the liver by maintaining or restoring the glutathione levels, or by acting as an alternate substrate for conjugation with, and thus detoxification of, the reactive metabolite of acetaminophen.

Acetylcysteine Injection is indicated to prevent or lessen hepatic injury after ingestion of a potentially hepatotoxic quantity of acetaminophen in patients with acute ingestion or from repeated supratherapeutic ingestion (RSI). Acetylcysteine Injection is an antidote for acetaminophen overdose indicated to prevent or lessen hepatic injury after ingestion of a potentially hepatotoxic quantity of acetaminophen in patients with an acute ingestion or from repeated supratherapeutic ingestion (RSI) ( 1 ).

Pre-Treatment Assessment Following Acute Ingestion ( 2.1 ) : Obtain a plasma or serum sample to assay for acetaminophen concentration at least 4 hours after ingestion. If the time of acetaminophen ingestion is unknown: Administer a loading dose of acetylcysteine injection immediately. Obtain an acetaminophen concentration to determine need for continued treatment. If the acetaminophen concentration cannot be obtained (or is unavailable or uninterpretable) within the 8-hour time interval after acetaminophen ingestion or there is clinical evidence of acetaminophen toxicity: Administer a loading dose of acetylcysteine injection immediately and continue treatment for a total of three doses over 21 hours. If the patient presents more than 8 hours after ingestion and the time of acute acetaminophen ingestion is known: Administer a loading dose of acetylcysteine injection immediately. Obtain acetaminophen concentration to determine need for continued treatment. If the patient presents less than 8 hours after ingestion and the time of acute acetaminophen ingestion is known and the acetaminophen concentration is known: Use the Rumack-Matthew nomogram ( Figure 1 ) to determine whether or not to initiate treatment with acetylcysteine injection ( 2.2 ). Nomogram for Estimating Potential for Hepatotoxicity from Acute Acetaminophen Ingestion ( 2.2 ): See Full Prescribing Information for instructions on how to use the nomogram to determine the need for dosing. Preparation and Storage of Diluted Solution Prior to Administration ( 2.3 ) : Acetylcysteine injection is hyperosmolar (2600 mOsmol/L), therefore acetylcysteine injection must be diluted in sterile water for injection, 0.45% sodium chloride injection, or 5% dextrose in water injection prior to intravenous administration. See Full Prescribing Information for examples of osmolarity depending on the type of solution and acetylcysteine injection concentration. Recommended Adult and Pediatric Dosage ( 2.4 ): Acetylcysteine injection is for intravenous administration only. Total dosage of acetylcysteine injection is 300 mg/kg given intravenously as 3 separate doses and total recommended infusion time for 3 doses is 21 hours. See Full Prescribing Information for weight-based dosage and weight-based dilution ( 2.4 ). See Full Prescribing Information for recommendations for continuing acetylcysteine injection treatment after 21 hours ( 2.2 ). Repeated Supratherapeutic Acetaminophen Ingestion ( 2....

Most common (> 2%) are rash, urticaria/facial flushing and pruritus ( 6.1 ). To report SUSPECTED , contact Sagent Pharmaceuticals, Inc. at 1-866-625-1618 or FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or www.fda.gov/medwatch . 6.1 Clinical Studies Experience Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice. In the literature the most frequently reported attributed to intravenous acetylcysteine administration were rash, urticaria and pruritus. The frequency of has been reported to be between 0.2% and 21%, and they most commonly occur during the initial loading dose of acetylcysteine. Loading Dose/Infusion Rate Study In a randomized, open-label, multi-center clinical study conducted in Australia in patients with acetaminophen poisoning, the rates of hypersensitivity reactions between a 15-minute and 60-minute intravenous infusion for the 150 mg/kg loading dose of acetylcysteine were compared. The incidence of drug-related occurring within the first 2 hours following acetylcysteine administration is presented in Table 5 . Overall, 17% of patients developed an acute hypersensitivity reaction (18% in the 15-minute infusion group; 14% in the 60-minute infusion group) [see ( 5.1 ), Clinical Studies ( 14 )] . Table 5. Incidence of Drug-Related Occurring Within the First 2 Hours Following Study Drug Administration by Preferred Term: Loading Dose/Infusion Rate Study Unkn=Unknown; NOS=not otherwise specified Treatment Group 15-minutes 60-minutes Number of Patients n=109 n=71 Cardiac disorders 5 (5%) 2 (3%) Severity: Unkn Mild Moderate Severe Unkn Mild Moderate Severe Tachycardia NOS 4 (4%) 1 (1%) 2 (3%) Gastrointestinal disorders 16 (15%) 7 (10%) Severity: Unkn Mild Moderate Severe Unkn Mild Moderate Severe Nausea 1 (1%) 6 (6%) 1 (1%) 1 (1%) Vomiting NOS 2 (2%) 11 (10%) 2 (3%) 4 (6%) Immune System Disorders 20 (18%) 10 (14%) Severity: Unkn Mild Moderate Severe Unkn Mild Moderate Severe Hypersensitivity reaction 2 (2%) 6 (6%) 11 (10%) 1 (1%) 4 (6%) 5 (7%) 1 (1%) Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders 2 (2%) 2 (3%) Severity: Unkn Mild Moderate Severe Unkn Mild Moderate Severe Pharyngitis 1 (1%) Rhinorrhoea 1 (1%) Rhonchi 1 (1%) Throat tightness 1 (1%) Skin & subcutaneous tissue disorders 6 (6%) 5 (7%) Severity: Unkn Mild Moderate Severe Unkn Mild Moderate Severe Pruritus ...

Acetylcysteine is contraindicated in patients with a previous hypersensitivity reaction to acetylcysteine [see ( 5.1 )] . Patients with a previous hypersensitivity reaction to acetylcysteine ( 4 ).

Storage Conditions Store unopened vials at 20° to 25°C (68° to 77°F). [See USP Controlled Room Temperature.] Discard unused portion. Sterile, Nonpyrogenic, Preservative-free. The container closure is not made with natural rubber latex.